What is the break down between time spent on Philosophy and time spent on Scripture? When in the diocesan seminary can you pursue a certain avenue of study or is the curriculum standardized for all seminarians?

The Holy See wants three years of philosophy study, but I am not aware of a US seminary or diocese that has adopted that for men who already had a bachelor's degree before starting seminary. I am not aware of any particular guidelines on the amount of Scripture, but at the Mount, we had to take at least one class on Scripture each semester.

I assume by "diocesan seminary" you mean "major seminary." Most programs I know of allow some electives and offer master's degrees in various areas. Mine happens to be in Sacred Scripture, so I took more than one course per semester. Other concentration areas can be systematic theology, moral theology, Church history, liturgics, spirituality, etc. Everyone should graduate from seminary knowing something about each of those, but you can specialize to a certain degree.